Balanced meals for better health

When it comes to diabetes prevention and care, eating healthy meals each day is important.

Eating well-balanced meals is one of the most powerful ways to manage diabetes and support your overall health. With the right mix of foods, you can help keep your blood sugar stable, improve your energy levels and feel your best every day.

How are diabetes and food connected?

What you eat directly impacts your blood sugar levels. Foods rich in fiber, healthy fats and lean proteins can help keep your blood sugar steady. Processed foods and sugary drinks can cause spikes in blood sugar.1

Food is an important part of culture, tradition and family. Having diabetes doesn’t mean giving any of that up. Instead, it’s about finding a balance that supports your health while honoring the meals and flavors that bring you joy. 

Diabetes isn’t the end of good food.

Living with diabetes doesn’t mean you have to give up tradition or flavor. You can still enjoy your favorite foods while making choices that support your health. Watch this video to learn about simple ways to stay active and make balanced, flavorful meals.

Understand your blood sugar.

Your blood sugar levels play a big role in how your body works. When blood sugar levels are off, it can affect how you feel and your health over time. Levels that are too high or too low can also be an emergency. Keeping blood sugar in a healthy range helps prevent complications and supports your overall well-being.2

If you’re taking insulin or are having episodes of low blood sugar, you may need to check your blood sugar before and after meals.

If you’re taking insulin or are having episodes of low blood sugar, you may need to check your blood sugar before and after meals.

Want to get a better idea of what your target blood sugar range might be?
Answer the following questions:

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How to monitor your blood sugar

Checking your blood sugar helps you see how things like food, exercise, stress and medication affect you. It’s one of the most important things you can do to make informed decisions about your care.

How to check your blood sugar4

  1. Wash your hands with soap and water, then dry them well.
  2. Put a test strip into your glucose meter. Make sure your device is ready.
  3. Prick your finger with a lancing device. Use a small lancet to draw a tiny drop of blood.
  4. Place the end of the test strip next to the blood droplet so that it “sucks” the blood in. Your meter will analyze the sample.
  5. Review your reading. Compare your number with your target range.
  6. Carefully dispose of the lancet and test strip.
  7. If your blood sugar is too high or too low, follow your care plan. Keeping a log of your readings can help you and your doctor find patterns and adjust.

Some people use continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), which track blood sugar in real time through a small sensor worn on the skin. If you’re interested, ask your doctor if a CGM is right for you.

Use the Diabetes Plate Method as a guide.

With a variety of vegetables, proteins and appropriate portions of carbs, you can create well-balanced meals and tasty foods. The Diabetes Plate Method5 is a simple way to do it. There’s no measuring or counting. All you need is a plate that is nine inches across.

Here’s how it works:

Click on the plus signs to find examples of other non-starchy vegetables, carbs and proteins.

Want to supercharge your plate?

Nutrient-packed foods are essential for a healthy diabetes meal plan. Here are some great options to keep your blood sugar steady and support your total health when building your plate:7

Kale, spinach, collards and other dark leafy greens are low in calories and carbs but packed with vitamins and antioxidants.

These plant-based proteins are rich in fiber, folate, potassium, iron and zinc. While they do have carbs, they can provide as much protein as meat—minus the saturated fat.

Full of healthy fats and fiber, avocados can help you feel satisfied for longer periods of time.

Naturally sweet and full of fiber, antioxidants and vitamins, these are a great swap for processed sweets.

Brown rice, quinoa and other whole grains are a great source of vitamins, minerals and fiber.

Roasting your own nuts makes for a great snack filled with healthy fats, magnesium and fiber, without added sodium.

Download Diabetes Food Swap Cheat Sheet

Diabetes-friendly recipes that don’t sacrifice tradition or flavor

Eating well doesn’t mean giving up the meals you love. These recipes are inspired by familiar favorites from Hispanic/Latino, African American/Black and South Asian cuisines. We’ve just made small tweaks to support balanced blood sugar levels.

These tostadas are a perfect balance of crunchy, fresh and smoky. This version offers a lighter twist that supports balanced blood sugar levels without sacrificing bold spices.

Ingredients:
  • 4 (6-inch) corn tortillas
  • 3 tbsp reduced-fat mayonnaise
  • 1 lime, zested and juiced
  •  1 tsp chopped chipotle chilies in adobo
  • 1 tsp adobo sauce from chipotle pepper can
  • 1 tsp honey
  • ½ tsp salt
  • 1 (10-oz) bag coleslaw mix
  • 1 ripe medium mango, cut into ½-inch chunks
  • ½ cup fresh cilantro, chopped
  • ½ lb wild medium shrimp (peeled and deveined)
  • 1 tsp chipotle powder
  • 1 tsp olive oil

Directions:
  1. Heat a small nonstick skillet over medium heat. Toast tortillas on each side until crisp, about 3 minutes. Set aside.
  2. In a large bowl, whisk together mayonnaise, lime zest, lime juice, chipotle chilies, adobo sauce, honey and salt. Add coleslaw, mango and cilantro. Toss to coat.
  3. Sprinkle shrimp with chipotle powder. Heat olive oil in a skillet over medium-high heat. Add shrimp and cook for 2–3 minutes, turning occasionally, until opaque in the center.
  4. Place tortillas on plates. Top each with one-fourth of the coleslaw mixture and shrimp. Serve immediately.

Nutrition facts:

4 servings

Serving size: 1 tostada amount per serving

Calories: 190

Total fat: 5g

Saturated fat: 0.6g

Trans fats: 0g

Cholesterol: 60mg

Sodium: 460mg

Total carbs: 29g

Dietary fiber: 5g

Total sugars: 12g

Protein: 10g

Potassium: 450mg

Phosphorous: 190mg

A comforting and versatile side dish in Hispanic/Latino cooking, refried beans can be just as creamy and flavorful without extra saturated fat or sodium.

Ingredients:
  • 1 tbsp oil
  • ½ onion, chopped
  • 2 cloves garlic, minced
  • 1 can pinto beans, rinsed and drained
  • ½ cup low-sodium chicken broth or vegetable broth
  • ½ tsp chipotle chili in adobo
  • ¼ tsp ground cumin
  • ⅛ tsp salt
  • ¼ tsp black pepper

Directions:
  1. Heat oil in a large nonstick skillet over medium-high heat. Add onion and garlic. Cook until onion is tender, about 6 minutes.
  2. Add beans, broth, chipotle chili, cumin, salt and pepper. Cook for 5 minutes.
  3. Mash with a fork or potato masher until coarsely mashed.

Nutrition facts:

4 servings

Serving size: 1/2 cup amount per serving

Calories: 140

Total fat: 4g

Saturated fat: 0.4g

Trans fats: 0g

Cholesterol: 0mg

Sodium: 200mg

Total carbs: 19g

Dietary fiber: 6g

Total sugars: 1g

Protein: 6g

Potassium: 340mg

Phosphorous: 110mg

Smothered greens are a nourishing tradition in many African American/Black kitchens. This version uses smoked turkey for depth of flavor while keeping things light and heart healthy.

Ingredients:
  • 3 cups water
  • ¼ lb smoked turkey breast, skinless
  • 1 tbsp hot pepper, chopped
  • ¼ tsp cayenne pepper
  • ¼ tsp ground cloves
  • 2 cloves garlic, crushed
  • ½ tsp thyme
  • 1 scallion, chopped
  • 1 tsp ground ginger
  • ¼ cup onion, chopped
  • 2 lb greens (mustard, turnip, collard, kale or a mix)

Directions:
  1. Wash greens well and remove stems. Tear or slice into bite-sized pieces.
  2. In a large saucepan, bring all ingredients except the greens to a boil.
  3. Add greens and cook for 20–30 minutes until tender.

Nutrition facts:

5 servings

Serving size: 1 cup amount per serving

Calories: 80

Total fat: 2g

Saturated fat: 0g

Cholesterol: 16mg

Sodium: 378mg

Total fiber: 4g

Protein: 9g

Carbs: 9g

Potassium: 472mg

This lighter take on a beloved side dish keeps the texture and slightly sweet taste you know while using simple swaps to make it a better everyday choice.

Ingredients:
  • 1 cup cornmeal
  • 1 cup flour
  • ¼ cup white sugar
  • 1 tsp baking powder
  • 1 cup fat-free or low-fat (1%) buttermilk
  • 1 medium egg
  • ¼ cup soft tub margarine
  • Canola oil (to coat baking pan)

 

Directions:
  1. Preheat oven to 350°F.
  2. In a bowl, mix cornmeal, flour, sugar and baking powder.
  3. In another bowl, beat buttermilk and egg lightly. Slowly add to dry ingredients.
  4. Mix in margarine by hand or with a mixer for 1 minute.
  5. Grease an 8×8-inch baking dish with canola oil. Pour in batter.
  6. Bake for 20–25 minutes. Let cool before serving.

Nutrition facts:

10 servings

Serving size: 1 square amount per serving

Calories: 178

Total fat: 6g

Saturated fat: 1g

Cholesterol: 22mg

Sodium: 94mg

Total fiber: 1g

Protein: 4g

Carbs: 27g

Potassium: 132mg

Rich, spiced curries are central to South Asian cuisine, and this plant-based version highlights delicious, non-starchy vegetables.

 

Ingredients:
  • 1 tbsp olive oil
  • 1 cup cauliflower florets
  • 1 cup diced carrots
  • ½ cup peas
  • 1 small yellow onion, diced
  • 2 cloves garlic, minced
  • 1-inch piece fresh ginger, minced
  • 1 cup plain nonfat Greek yogurt
  • 1 cup low-sodium vegetable broth
  • 1 tsp ground coriander
  • ½ tsp turmeric
  • ¼ tsp red chili powder
  • ¼ tsp garam masala
  • ½ tsp kosher salt (or to taste)

Directions:
  1. Heat olive oil in a pot. Sauté onions, garlic and ginger until fragrant.
  2. Stir in coriander, turmeric, chili powder and garam masala. Cook for 1 minute.
  3. Add cauliflower, carrots and peas. Cook for 5 minutes.
  4. Stir in yogurt and vegetable broth. Simmer for 10–15 minutes, until vegetables are tender.
  5. Serve with ½ cup cooked brown rice or whole-grain roti.

Nutrition facts:

4 servings

Serving size: 1 cup amount per serving

Calories: 100

Total fat: 4g

Saturated fat: 0.5g

Trans fats: 0g

Cholesterol: 0mg

Sodium: 410mg

Total carbs: 13g

Dietary fiber: 3g

Total sugars: 6g

Added sugars: 1g

Protein: 3g

Potassium: 323mg

Lentils offer fiber, protein and other nutrients. This hearty stew brings them together with other wholesome ingredients for a satisfying meal.

Ingredients:
  • Nonstick cooking spray
  • 14 oz spicy chicken sausage (jalapeño or andouille), sliced
  • 2 stalks celery, diced
  • 1 medium onion, diced
  • 2 carrots, diced
  • 1 red bell pepper, diced
  • 3 cups water
  • 1 can (14.5 oz) reduced-sodium fat-free chicken broth
  • 1 cup dried lentils
  • ½ tsp salt (optional)
  • 1 tsp black pepper
  • 1 bay leaf
  • ¼ cup fresh parsley, chopped

Directions:
  1. Coat a large soup pot with cooking spray. Sauté sausage over medium-high heat until lightly browned.
  2. Add celery, onions, carrots and bell pepper. Cook for 4 minutes or until onions turn clear.
  3. Add water, broth, lentils, salt, pepper and bay leaf. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer for 1 hour.
  4. Remove bay leaf, stir in parsley and serve.

Nutrition facts:

9 servings

Serving size: 1 cup amount per serving

Calories: 155

Total fat: 4g

Saturated Fat: 1.1g

Cholesterol: 40mg

Sodium: 390mg

Total carbs: 18g

Dietary fiber: 6g

Protein: 13g

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  1. Cigna Healthcare. “Type 2 Diabetes.” Knowledge Center. Last reviewed April 30, 2024. https://www.cigna.com/knowledge-center/hw/medical-topics/type-2-diabetes-hw135189
  2.  Cigna Healthcare. “Diabetes: Blood Sugar Levels.” Knowledge Center. Last reviewed April 30, 2024. https://www.cigna.com/knowledge-center/hw/diabetes-aa135726
  3.  American Diabetes Association (ADA) Professional Practice Committee. “15. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025.” Diabetes Care 2025;48(Supplement_1):S306–S320 https://doi.org/10.2337/dc25-S015
  4. CDC. “Monitoring Your Blood Sugar.” Last reviewed May 15, 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/diabetes-testing/monitoring-blood-sugar.html  
  5. ADA Nutrition & Wellness Team. “What is the Diabetes Plate?” January 15, 2025. https://diabetesfoodhub.org/blog/what-diabetes-plate
  6. ADA. Nutrition for Life: Diabetes Plate Method. 2023. https://professional.diabetes.org/sites/dpro/files/2023-12/plan_your_plate.pdf
  7. ADA. “What superstar foods are good for diabetes?” n.d. https://diabetes.org/food-nutrition/food-and-blood-sugar/diabetes-superstar-foods
  8. Hoffman I. “Smoky Shrimp Tostadas with Chipotle Mango Slaw.” ADA. n.d. https://diabetesfoodhub.org/recipes/smoky-shrimp-tostadas-chipotle-mango-slaw
  9.  Hoffman I. “Ingrid Hoffmann’s Healthy Refried Beans.” ADA. n.d. https://diabetesfoodhub.org/recipes/ingrid-hoffmanns-healthy-refried-beans
  10.  National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. “Smothered Greens.” NIH. n.d. https://healthyeating.nhlbi.nih.gov/recipedetail.aspx?cId=0&rId=229
  11.  National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. “Good-for-You Cornbread.” National Institutes of Health (NIH). n.d. https://healthyeating.nhlbi.nih.gov/recipedetail.aspx?cId=0&rId=59
  12.  ADA. “Vegetarian Pakistani Korma.” n.d. https://diabetesfoodhub.org/recipes/vegetarian-pakistani-korma
  13.  ADA. “Spicy Lentil Stew.” n.d. https://diabetesfoodhub.org/recipes/spicy-lentil-stew